24 July 2021 5000 Series Aluminum Alloy
5086 Aluminum Alloy Plate
Aluminum 5086 is structural alloy, which offers users strong corrosion resistance and high electrical conductivity. Offering higher strength levels than 5052 or 5083, Aluminum 5086 becomes stronger with stain hardening and cold working, all while remaining a cost-effective choice. It can be welded with conventional methods, though electric arc welding is preferred.
50896 aluminum alloy is with the primary alloy element being magnesium. It is not strengthened by heat treatment, instead becoming stronger due to strain hardening, or cold mechanical working of the material. Since heat treatment doesn't strongly affect the strength, 5086 can be readily welded and retain most of its mechanical strength. The good weldability and corrosion properties in seawater make 5086 extremely popular for vessel gangways, and boat/yacht hulls. It is considered a sister alloy to Aluminum 5083 with comparable characteristics but slightly less strength.
5086 aluminum alloy plates have even higher strength than 5052 or 5083 and its mechanical properties vary significantly with hardening and temperature. It is not strengthened by heat treatment; instead, it becomes stronger due to strain hardening or cold working of the material. This alloy can be readily welded, retaining most of its mechanical strength. The good results with welding and good corrosion properties in seawater make Alloy 5086 extremely popular in marine applications.
Typical use of 5086 aluminum plate: used in occasions that require high corrosion resistance, good weldability and medium strength, such as weldable parts of ships, automobiles and aircraft plates; pressure vessels that require strict fire protection, refrigeration equipment, TV towers, Detecting equipment, transportation equipment, missile parts, armor, etc.
Chemical Composition:
| Chemical Elements | Metric | English | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aluminum, Al | 93 - 96.3 % | 93 - 96.3 % | As remainder |
| Chromium, Cr | 0.05 - 0.25 % | 0.05 - 0.25 % | |
| Copper, Cu | <= 0.10 % | <= 0.10 % | |
| Iron, Fe | <= 0.50 % | <= 0.50 % | |
| Magnesium, Mg | 3.5 - 4.5 % | 3.5 - 4.5 % | |
| Manganese, Mn | 0.20 - 0.70 % | 0.20 - 0.70 % | |
| Other, each | <= 0.05 % | <= 0.05 % | |
| Other, total | <= 0.15 % | <= 0.15 % | |
| Silicon, Si | <= 0.40 % | <= 0.40 % | |
| Titanium, Ti | <= 0.15 % | <= 0.15 % | |
| Zinc, Zn | <= 0.25 % | <= 0.25 % |
Mechanical Properties:
| Mechanical Properties | Metric | English | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hardness, Brinell | 78 | 78 | 500 kg load with 10 mm ball. Calculated value. |
| Hardness, Knoop | 101 | 101 | Converted from Brinell Hardness Value |
| Hardness, Vickers | 88 | 88 | Converted from Brinell Hardness Value |
| Tensile Strength, Ultimate | 290 MPa | 42000 psi | AA; Typical |
| >= 275 MPa @Thickness 1.60 - 50.8 mm | >= 39900 psi @Thickness 0.0630 - 2.00 in | ||
| 275 - 325 MPa @Thickness 0.508 - 50.8 mm | 39900 - 47100 psi @Thickness 0.0200 - 2.00 in | H32 | |
| Tensile Strength, Yield | 207 MPa | 30000 psi | AA; Typical |
| >= 195 MPa @Thickness 0.508 - 50.8 mm | >= 28300 psi @Thickness 0.0200 - 2.00 in | H32 | |
| >= 195 MPa @Thickness 1.60 - 50.8 mm | >= 28300 psi @Thickness 0.0630 - 2.00 in | ||
| Elongation at Break | 6.0 - 12 % @Thickness 0.508 - 50.8 mm | 6.0 - 12 % @Thickness 0.0200 - 2.00 in | H32 |
| 8.0 - 10 % @Thickness 1.60 - 50.8 mm | 8.0 - 10 % @Thickness 0.0630 - 2.00 in | ||
| 12 % @Thickness 1.59 mm | 12 % @Thickness 0.0625 in | AA; Typical | |
| Modulus of Elasticity | 71.0 GPa | 10300 ksi | AA; Typical; Average of tension and compression. Compression modulus is about 2% greater than tensile modulus. |
| Tensile Modulus | 71.0 GPa | 10300 ksi | |
| Compressive Strength | 290 MPa | 42100 psi | |
| Compressive Modulus | 72.4 GPa | 10500 ksi | |
| Ultimate Bearing Strength | 552 MPa | 80100 psi | Edge distance/pin diameter = 2.0 |
| Bearing Yield Strength | 331 MPa | 48000 psi | Edge distance/pin diameter = 2.0 |
| Poissons Ratio | 0.33 | 0.33 | |
| Fatigue Strength | 150 MPa @# of Cycles 5.00e+8 | 21800 psi @# of Cycles 5.00e+8 | unnotched R. R. Moore rotating beam |
| Fracture Toughness | 49.0 MPa-m½ | 44.6 ksi-in½ | KIC; TL orientation. |
| Machinability | 30 % | 30 % | 0-100 Scale of Aluminum Alloys |
| Shear Modulus | 26.4 GPa | 3830 ksi | |
| Shear Strength | 175 MPa | 25400 psi | Calculated value. |
The mechanical properties of 5086 vary significantly with hardening and temperature.
–O hardening
Unhardened 5086 has a yield strength of 120 MPa (17 ksi) and ultimate tensile strength of 260 MPa (38 ksi) from −28 to 100 °C (−18 to 212 °F). At cryogenic temperatures it is slightly stronger: at −196 °C (−321 °F), yield of 130 MPa (19 ksi) and ultimate tensile strength of 380 MPa (55 ksi); above 100 °C (212 °F) its strength is reduced.
Elongation, the strain before material failure, ranges from 46% at −196 °C (−321 °F), 35% at −80 °C (−112 °F), 32% at −28 °C (−18 °F), 22% at 20 °C (68 °F), 30% at 24 °C (75 °F), 36% at 100 °C (212 °F), and increases above there.
–H32 hardening
–H34 hardening
–H112 hardening
–H116 hardening
H116 strain hardened 5086, with properties measured at 20 °C (68 °F), has yield strength of 210 MPa (30 ksi), ultimate tensile strength of 290 MPa (42 ksi), and elongation of 12%.
Electrical Properties:
| Electrical Properties | Metric | English | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|
| Electrical Resistivity | 0.00000549 ohm-cm @Temperature 20.0 °C | 0.00000549 ohm-cm @Temperature 68.0 °F | AA; Typical |
Thermal Properties:
| Thermal Properties | Metric | English | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|
| CTE, linear | 22.0 µm/m-°C @Temperature -50.0 - 20.0 °C | 12.2 µin/in-°F @Temperature -58.0 - 68.0 °F | |
| 23.8 µm/m-°C @Temperature 20.0 - 100 °C | 13.2 µin/in-°F @Temperature 68.0 - 212 °F | AA; Typical; average over range | |
| 24.7 µm/m-°C @Temperature 20.0 - 200 °C | 13.7 µin/in-°F @Temperature 68.0 - 392 °F | ||
| 25.8 µm/m-°C @Temperature 20.0 - 300 °C | 14.3 µin/in-°F @Temperature 68.0 - 572 °F | ||
| Specific Heat Capacity | 0.900 J/g-°C | 0.215 BTU/lb-°F | |
| Thermal Conductivity | 125 W/m-K | 870 BTU-in/hr-ft²-°F | AA; Typical at 77°F |
| Melting Point | 585.0 - 640.6 °C | 1085 - 1185 °F | AA; Typical range based on typical composition for wrought products >= 1/4 in. thickness |
| Solidus | 585.0 °C | 1085 °F | AA; Typical |
| Liquidus | 640.6 °C | 1185 °F | AA; Typical |
Machinability:
Machinability in the strain hardened tempers (H34, H36, H38) is relatively good. In the annealed (O temper) machining is difficult, but still can be accomplished. Use of lubricants is advised.
Forming:
Forming characteristics are best with the alloy in the O temper -- less good in the H36 or H38 tempers.
Welding:
This alloy is readily weldable by conventional methods. Use of electric arc welding in particular produces excellent results.
Heat Treatment:
The alloy is non-heat treatable.
Forging:
No specific data as to hot working range. However the alloy is forgeable.
Hot Working:
No data in regard to hot forming. Cold forming characteristics are excellent and usually would not necessitate hot working.
Cold Working:
Excellent cold working characteristics in the O temper and somewhat less good in H36 and H38 tempers.
Annealing:
Anneal at 650 F for long enough to insure thorough heating. Air cool.
Aging:
Not applicable to this alloy.
Tempering:
Not applicable.
Hardening:
Hardens by cold working only.